Ovarian cancer is a kind of cancer that originates in a woman’s ovaries. The reproductive system of a female has two ovaries on either side of the uterus. The size of the ovaries equals to that of an object like almond. Apart from producing eggs, they also generate hormones, such as progesterone and estrogen. Listed ahead are some effective  prevention methods for ovarian cancer.

Methods to prevent ovarian cancer

Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy (BSO)

Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy, which is also referred to as Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy (RRSO), is one of the most well-recognized  prevention methods for ovarian cancer . In this surgical procedure, ovaries and fallopian tubes are removed. This drastically helps in reducing the risk of developing ovarian cancer. The United States Preventive Services Task Force and Society of Gynecologic Oncology recommend this method for women who are at a very high genetic risk of suffering from ovarian cancer. Medical experts state that undergoing BSO also proves to be effective for women who are at lower risk or show milder symptoms.

Bilateral Salpingectomy with Ovarian Retention (BSOR)
If a woman wants to go for a surgery to reduce the chances of her suffering from ovarian cancer but is wary of the long-term complications associated with it, she can opt for Bilateral Salpingectomy with Ovarian Retention (BSOR). This surgical method has been proved to create minimal chances of suffering from complications on a long-term basis. It works very well in protecting one against the various types of ovarian carcinoma that originate in the fallopian tubes. The retrograde menstruation that takes place in the endometrial tissue has proved to be one of the major factors behind endometriosis. BSOR has proved to be very effective in preventing it.

Tubal ligation
Tubal ligation is a surgical process in which the surgeon ties or blocks the fallopian tubes to ensure that the eggs that come out of the ovary do not enter the uterus. This helps in reducing the risk of developing ovarian cancer for women who are either at average or high-genetic risk stage. According to a study, women who undergo tubal ligation, have 33 percent lower chances of developing ovarian cancer as compared to women who did not opt for this surgical treatment. The rate of risk reduction is generally related to clear cell histologic subtypes and endometrioid. The effect of this surgery lasts for approximately 14 years.

Hysterectomy
Hysterectomy is a process in which the uterus is removed through surgery. Women, who avail of this treatment, reduce the risk of them suffering from ovarian cancer. Peritoneal inflammation leads to endometriosis, which is linked with clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma. Hysterectomy helps prevent ovarian cancer, as it restricts the access of endometriotic tissue in the ovaries and fallopian tubes via retrograde menstruation. This also helps in stopping inflammation as well as a protumorigenic environment that is created.